Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology contents March 2015 Volume 16 Number 3 pp 125-202

TABLE OF CONTENTS
March 2015 Volume 16 Number 3
Impact Factor36.458 *	In this issue Research Highlights Focus on: Transcription Also this month  Featured article: Getting up to speed with transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II Iris Jonkers & John T. Lis  Focus: Transcription
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RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS  Metabolism: Transcriptionally activating brown fat p125 | doi:10.1038/nrm3957 PRDM16 activates brown adipose-selective genes through direct interaction with the Mediator complex subunit MED1 at enhancer regions and the regulation of chromatin architecture. PDF Organelle dynamics: Organelles under the spotlight p126 | doi:10.1038/nrm3944 Kapitein and colleagues have used an optically controlled system that couples organelles and motor proteins to study the dynamics and roles of organelle transport. PDF  Transcription: Relax, it's just a small cut p126 | doi:10.1038/nrm3954 DNA topoisomerase 1 mediates single-strand nicks to relieve the inhibitory effect of DNA supercoiling on enhancer-dependent transcription. PDF  Transcription: A mitochondrial switch between transcription and replication p128 | doi:10.1038/nrm3955 A new study shows that the mitochondrial transcription elongation factor TEFM serves as a molecular switch between replication and transcription. PDF JOURNAL CLUB Orchestrating transcription with the pol II CTD p128 | doi:10.1038/nrm3956 Ronald and Joan Conaway highlight studies that established the role of phosphorylation of the RNA polymerase II carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) in the transition from transcription initiation to elongation, which paved the ground for following work on the CTD in regulating co-transcriptional processes. PDF IN BRIEF Chromatin: HP1 locked up | Cell signalling: Orphan receptor finds ligand | Extracellular matrix: Collagen directs invadopodia |  Transcription:Unidirectional human promoters |  Chromatin:ZNF143 in the loop |  Gene expression: DYRK1A targets Pol IIPDF Molecular Cell Biology  JOBS of the week Research Scientist in Texture / Touch Biophysics Nestlé Research Center (NRC) Research Assistant University of Kansas Medical Center (KUMC) PhD position - Proteogenomics Universities of Rio de Janeiro and Groningen Postdoc in Developmental Biology / Angiogenesis / Hypertenstion Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Postdoctoral Research Fellow University of Edinburgh More Science jobs from Molecular Cell Biology EVENT More science events from
Focus on: Transcription REVIEWS Structural basis of transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II Sarah Sainsbury, Carrie Bernecky & Patrick Cramerp129 | doi:10.1038/nrm3952Transcription of eukaryotic protein-coding genes requires the assembly of a conserved initiation complex at promoter DNA. Structural information on this complex, which comprises RNA polymerase II and the general transcription factors, is beginning to reveal the mechanisms underlying the initial steps of transcription, such as the recognition and opening of promoter DNA. Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Supplementary information The selection and function of cell type-specific enhancers Sven Heinz, Casey E. Romanoski, Christopher Benner & Christopher K. Glassp144 | doi:10.1038/nrm3949Many gene expression patterns are dictated by enhancers. Mammalian genomes contain millions of potential enhancers, but only a small subset of them is active in any cell type. Emerging data uncover how cell type-specific enhancer function is established, including the involvement of higher-order genomic organization in the process. Abstract | Full Text | PDF The Mediator complex: a central integrator of transcription Benjamin L. Allen & Dylan J. Taatjesp155 | doi:10.1038/nrm3951RNA polymerase II (Pol II) is globally regulated by Mediator, a large, conformationally flexible protein complex with a variable subunit composition. These biochemical characteristics are fundamental for the ability of Mediator to control processes involved in transcription, including the organization of chromatin architecture and the regulation of Pol II pre-initiation, initiation, re-initiation, pausing and elongation. Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Supplementary information Getting up to speed with transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II Iris Jonkers & John T. Lisp167 | doi:10.1038/nrm3953Pausing of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) in promoter-proximal regions and its release to initiate productive elongation are key steps in the regulation of transcription, and involve many factors. Evidence is now emerging that transcriptional elongation is highly dynamic. Elongation rates vary between genes and across the length of a gene, affecting splicing, termination and genome stability. Abstract | Full Text | PDF Histone exchange, chromatin structure and the regulation of transcription Swaminathan Venkatesh & Jerry L. Workmanp178 | doi:10.1038/nrm3941Access of RNA polymerase II to DNA is regulated by the ordered disassembly of nucleosomes and by histone exchange. Chromatin modifications, chromatin remodellers, histone chaperones and histone variants control nucleosomal dynamics, and dysregulation of these components results in aberrant transcription. Abstract | Full Text | PDF Transcription termination and the control of the transcriptome: why, where and how to stop Odil Porrua & Domenico Librip190 | doi:10.1038/nrm3943Transcription termination has a central role in regulating gene expression, maintaining the stability of the transcriptome and controlling pervasive transcription. New insights have recently been gained into the molecular basis of termination and the timely and efficient dismantling of elongation complexes at mRNA-coding and non-coding RNA loci. Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Supplementary information
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